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The forgotten war heroes who left their own countries to help others – and were never thanked

It may come as a surprise that many who fought to save Europe from nazism and fascism in the Spanish civil war and second world war were regarded in their own time as enemy aliens, undesirables, criminals and terrorists – in the words of one of them, Arthur Koestler, “the scum of the earth”.

These were transnational fighters who were involved in rescue and resistance outside their country of origin.

  • Robert Gildea
  • The Conversation

The early examples were economic migrants, political exiles or Jewish…

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