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Turkish Reforms: From Imperial Repression to Thuggish State
The Turks' political journey toward the West began a century and a half ago, but Turkey now remains as distant from universal democratic...
The parallels between failed Ottoman and Turkish reforms are worth a look.
- Burak Bekdil
- Gatestone Institute
During that 150-year period, in addition to building railway systems on imperial soil, systems for registering the population and control over the press were established, along with the…
The most far-reaching reforms occurred in education: many professional schools were established for fields including the law, arts, trades, civil engineering, veterinary…